【2017年8月托福听力考试题目】土豆成为主食的过程

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  托福听力学科分类: History

  托福听力标题:土豆怎样从不被接受变为最主要的粮食来源

  来自安第斯山脉或者其他地方。土豆一开始传入英国没有人吃,因为长得丑,并且英国人主要吃肉。但当美国革命的时候,大量粮食运到美国供给不对。于是英国开始吃土豆,后来鼓励种土豆,因为有更高农作物产量。

  In late seventeenth-century Europe, what had been evolution in population followed by stabilization changed to population revolution. Increasing contacts with the Americas brought more sophisticated knowledge of the advantages of new foods, particularly the potato. Originally a cool-weather mountain crop in the Americas, potatoes did well in the Pyrenees, Alps, and Scottish Highlands. They also grew well in the long, damp springtime of the northwest European plain. Whatever hesitancy peasants may have felt about eating potatoes quickly passed when famine threatened; after all, people who in famines desperately consumed grass, weeds, and the bark of trees hardly would have hesitated to eat a potato. By the later eighteenth and the nineteenth century, American foods had become the principal foodstuffs of many rural folk. Various agricultural publicists promoted adoption of these foods, and peasants found that potatoes could allow subsistence on smaller plots of land. Fried potatoes soon began to be sold on the streets of Paris in the 1680s the original French fries. Governments, eager to promote population growth as a source of military and economic strength, also backed the potato.

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